High-level Thinking Skills as Critical and Creative Thinking

John Dewey argues that critical thinking is essentially a process active, where someone thinks about things deeply, proposes various things questions, find relevant information rather than waiting for information in a manner passive (Fisher, 2009). Critical thinking is the process by which all knowledge and skills are mobilized in solving problems that arise, make decisions, analyze all assumptions that arise and conduct investigations or research based on data and information that has been obtained so as to produce information or conclusions is desirable.

Summary of this article:

1. Focus
2. Reason
3. Inference
4. Situation
5. Clarity
6. Overview

Creative thinking is an ability that most of us are born with not a natural creative thinker. Need special techniques needed to help use our brains in different ways. The problem with creative thinking is that almost every definition that has not been examined will sound strange and making this up even sounds crazy. But a good solution might sound strange at first. Unfortunately, that's why often it won't be revealed and tried to submit it.
Creative thinking can be imaginative thinking, producing many possibilities solution, different, and laterally. Critical and creative thinking skills play an important role in preparing participants students in order to become good problem solvers and be able to make decisions conclusions that are mature and able to be accounted for academically

There are 8 basic elements of the stage of critical thinking skills, namely FRISCO. What does FRISCO mean? the following is the explanation.

• Focus
  Skills Identify problems well
• Reason
  The reasons given are logical or not for concluded as specified in the problem
• Inference
  If the reason developed is right, then that reason it must come to an actual conclusion
• Situation
  Compare with the actual situation
• Clarity
  There must be clarity of terms and explanations used on the argument so that there is no error in retrieving conclusion
• Overview
  Checking for something that has been discovered, decided, note, study, and concluded.